Today our economy is utterly dependent on fossil fuels. They are essential to transportation, manufacturing, farming, electricity, and to make fertilizers, cement, steel, roads, cars, and half a million other products. This discussion with Alice Friedemann is a reality check on where energy will come from in the future. One day soon, fossil fuels will no longer be abundant and affordable. That time may be nearer than we realize. Some experts predict oil shortages as soon as 2022 to 2030. What will our options be for replacing the fossil fuels that turn the great wheel of civilization? Alice Friedemann's book, "Life After Fossil Fuels: A Reality Check on Alternative Energy," surveys the arsenal of alternatives – wind, solar, hydrogen, geothermal, nuclear, batteries, catenary systems, fusion, methane hydrates, power2gas, wave, tidal power and biomass – and examines whether they can replace or supplement fossil fuels. Taking off the rose-colored glasses, author Friedemann will join Bio4Climate Executive Director Adam Sacks in conversation to consider our options.